The Libyan Arabic Dialect



The Libyan Dialect

Libyan Arabic, also known as Libyan Vernacular Arabic or Sulaimitian Arabic, is a variety of Arabic spoken in Libya and its neighboring countries, Egypt and Niger. It is the dialect of Tripoli and a widespread language used especially in the north of the country. Two major historical events have shaped the Libyan dialect: the Hilalian-Sulaimi migration and the migration of Arabs from Muslim Spain to North Africa following the Reconquista. Most of the vocabulary in Libyan Arabic is of Classical Arabic origin, usually with a modified interconsonantal vowel structure. Many Italian loanwords also exist because of Libya’s colonial past, in addition to Turkish, Berber, Spanish, and English words. The bulk of vocabulary in Libyan Arabic has the same meaning as in Classical Arabic; however, many words have different but related meanings. Nouns in Libyan Arabic are marked for two genders (masculine and feminine) and three numbers (singular, dual, and plural). It is estimated that around 3.2 million people speak the language in Libya and that there are over 3.5 million speakers all over the world in total. Libyan Arabic is not considered an official language but is taught at schools and used in poetry and cultural documents; it is also used on TV and radio, folk songs, cartoons, and by people on emails and social media.
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